Pakistan has issued a nationwide health alert amid growing concerns over the possible spread of the Nipah virus, a rare but deadly disease reported in parts of the region.
What Is Nipah Virus?
Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly dangerous zoonotic virus, meaning it can spread from animals to humans and also from person to person.
It was first identified in 1999 and is known for causing severe illness with a high death rate. The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified Nipah as a high-risk pathogen due to its epidemic potential and the lack of a specific treatment or vaccine.
How Does Nipah Virus Spread?
According to Health experts, Nipah virus mainly spreads through direct contact with infected animals, particularly fruit bats and pigs, or through their bodily fluids such as saliva or urine.
Humans can also get infected by consuming contaminated food or having close contact with an infected person. The virus can remain hidden in the body for 4 to 14 days before symptoms appear, making it difficult to detect early.
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Is Nipah Virus Dangerous?
Yes, Nipah virus is extremely dangerous. Health authorities estimate its fatality rate to be between 40 and 75 percent, which is significantly higher than many other viral infections.
Due to its high mortality rate and ability to spread silently during the incubation period, the virus poses a serious public health risk.
What are the Symptoms?
Common symptoms of Nipah virus include fever, headache, sore throat, breathing difficulties, and unusual drowsiness.
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In severe cases, patients may develop acute respiratory problems or brain inflammation, which can lead to coma or death if not treated promptly.
What Precautions Should Be Taken?
Health experts advise avoiding contact with sick animals, especially bats and pigs, and not consuming fruits or food that may be contaminated.
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People should practice good hand hygiene, avoid close contact with anyone showing flu-like symptoms, and seek medical attention immediately if symptoms appear after travel.
What Is Pakistan Doing to Prevent Nipah Virus?
Pakistan has activated nationwide preventive measures through the Border Health Services.
Authorities have instructed health staff at airports and border points to conduct strict screening and maintain daily records of suspected cases.
All data will be shared with the National Command and Operation Centre (NCOC) for coordinated monitoring.
Officials have warned that any negligence in screening will be dealt with strictly, emphasizing vigilance, surveillance, and early response to protect public health.
